30 References to Singularity Before 1990

This is the bibliography of Dr. Vernor Vinge's essay "The Coming Technological Singularity"

    [1] Alfvén, Hannes, writing as Olof Johanneson, _The End of Man?_,
           Award Books, 1969 earlier published as "The Tale of the Big
           Computer", Coward-McCann, translated from a book copyright 1966
           Albert Bonniers Forlag AB with English translation copyright 1966
           by Victor Gollanz, Ltd.

    [2] Anderson, Poul, "Kings Who Die", _If_, March 1962, p8-36.
           Reprinted in _Seven Conquests_, Poul Anderson, MacMillan Co., 1969.

    [3] Barrow, John D. and Frank J. Tipler, _The Anthropic Cosmological
           Principle_, Oxford University Press, 1986.

    [4] Bear, Greg, "Blood Music", _Analog Science Fiction-Science Fact_,
           June, 1983. Expanded into the novel _Blood Music_, Morrow, 1985

    [5] Cairns-Smith, A. G., _Seven Clues to the Origin of Life_, Cambridge
           University Press, 1985.

    [6] Conrad, Michael _et al._, "Towards an Artificial Brain",
           _BioSystems_, vol23, pp175-218, 1989.

    [7] Drexler, K. Eric, _Engines of Creation_, Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1986.

    [8] Dyson, Freeman, _Infinite in All Directions_, Harper && Row, 1988.

    [9] Dyson, Freeman, "Physics and Biology in an Open Universe", _Review
           of Modern Physics_, vol 51, pp447-460, 1979.

   [10] Good, I. J., "Speculations Concerning the First Ultraintelligent
           Machine", in _Advances in Computers_, vol 6, Franz L. Alt and
           Morris Rubinoff, eds, pp31-88, 1965, Academic Press.

   [11] Good, I. J., [Help! I can't find the source of Good's Meta-Golden
           Rule, though I have the clear recollection of hearing about it
           sometime in the 1960s. Through the help of the net, I have found
           pointers to a number of related items. G. Harry Stine and Andrew
           Haley have written about metalaw as it might relate to
           extraterrestrials: G. Harry Stine, "How to Get along with
           Extraterrestrials ... or Your Neighbor", _Analog Science Fact-
           Science Fiction_, February, 1980, p39-47.]
          
   [12] Herbert, Frank, _Dune_, Berkley Books, 1985. However, this novel was
           serialized in _Analog Science Fiction-Science Fact_ in the 1960s.

   [13] Kovacs, G. T. A. _et al._, "Regeneration Microelectrode Array for
           Peripheral Nerve Recording and Stimulation", _IEEE Transactions
           on Biomedical Engineering_, v 39, n 9, pp 893-902.

   [14] Margulis, Lynn and Dorion Sagan, _Microcosmos, Four Billion Years of
           Evolution from Our Microbial Ancestors_, Summit Books, 1986.

   [15] Minsky, Marvin, _Society of Mind_, Simon and Schuster, 1985.

   [16] Moravec, Hans, _Mind Children_, Harvard University Press, 1988.

   [17] Niven, Larry, "The Ethics of Madness", _If_, April 1967, pp82-108.
           Reprinted in _Neutron Star_, Larry Niven, Ballantine Books, 1968.

   [18] Penrose, R., _The Emperor's New Mind_, Oxford University Press, 1989.

   [19] Platt, Charles, Private Communication.

   [20] Rasmussen, S. _et al._, "Computational Connectionism within Neurons:
           a Model of Cytoskeletal Automata Subserving Neural Networks", in
           _Emergent Computation_, Stephanie Forrest, ed., p428-449, MIT
           Press, 1991.

   [21] Searle, John R., "Minds, Brains, and Programs", in _The Behavioral and
           Brain Sciences_, v.3, Cambridge University Press, 1980. The
           essay is reprinted in _The Mind's I_, edited by Douglas R.
           Hofstadter and Daniel C. Dennett, Basic Books, 1981. This
           reprinting contains an excellent critique of the Searle essay.

   [22] Sims, Karl, "Interactive Evolution of Dynamical Systems", Thinking
           Machines Corporation, Technical Report Series (published in _Toward
           a Practice of Autonomous Systems: Proceedings of the First European
           Cnference on Artificial Life_, Paris, MIT Press, December 1991.

   [23] Stapledon, Olaf, _The Starmaker_, Berkley Books, 1961 (but from
           the forward probably written before 1937).

   [24] Stent, Gunther S., _The Coming of the Golden Age: A View of the End
           of Progress_, The Natural History Press, 1969.

   [25] Swanwick Michael, _Vacuum Flowers_, serialized in _Isaac Asimov's
           Science Fiction Magazine_, December(?) 1986 - February 1987.
           Republished by Ace Books, 1988.

   [26] Thearling, Kurt, "How We Will Build a Machine that Thinks", a workshop
           at Thinking Machines Corporation. Personal Communication.

   [27] Ulam, S., Tribute to John von Neumann, _Bulletin of the American
           Mathematical Society_, vol 64, nr 3, part 2, May, 1958, p1-49.

   [28] Vinge, Vernor, "Bookworm, Run!", _Analog_, March 1966, pp8-40.
           Reprinted in _True Names and Other Dangers_, Vernor Vinge, Baen
           Books, 1987.

   [29] Vinge, Vernor, "True Names", _Binary Star Number 5_, Dell, 1981.
           Reprinted in _True Names and Other Dangers_, Vernor Vinge, Baen
           Books, 1987.

   [30] Vinge, Vernor, First Word, _Omni_, January 1983, p10.